Entenda como funciona a prova de vida do INSS em 2021
Plauto Holtz*
Plauto Holtz. FOTO: DIVULGAÇÃO
O INSS (Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social) publicou recentemente no Diário Oficial da União (DOU) a portaria que prorroga por mais dois meses a interrupção de bloqueio de pagamento de aposentadorias e pensões de segurados que não fazem a prova de vida desde março do ano passado. Dessa forma, os aposentados e pensionistas que não fizeram prova de vida entre março de 2020 e abril de 2021 não terão seus benefícios bloqueados.
A prova de vida já acontece há alguns anos e ela foi instituída para evitar o elevado número de fraudes que aconteciam. A grande questão dessa prova de vida é que ela veio para tentar estancar o dinheiro que saia dos cofres do INSS de forma ilegal e indevida. Muitas vezes, o segurado do INSS falecia e os parentes continuavam recebendo o benefício ou mesmo havia uma falha do sistema, de todos os cartórios de registros, que não inseriram essas informações no banco de dados, e dessa forma o INSS continuava pagando esse benefício.
É importante que os beneficiários também fiquem atentos que a partir de maio a prova de vida voltará a ser obrigatória. Os aposentados e pensionistas ou o seu procurador precisam comparecer a uma agência ou ao banco em que é correntista para provar ao Estado que estão vivos.
Abaixo, esclareço as principais dúvidas sobre o assunto. Confira:
O que é a prova de vida e por que ela é obrigatória?
O legislador instituiu a prova de vida para confirmar a validação do benefício, em que o segurado tem que comprovar diante do INSS que está vivo e isso ocorre periodicamente. Lembrando que cada governo tem sua forma de atribuir de quanto em quanto tempo e de que forma isso será feito – se através do banco ou própria agência do INSS.
A partir de maio deste ano a prova de vida volta a ser obrigatória, como o beneficiário deve proceder?
Pegue seu documento com foto e o número desse benefício para facilitar essa identificação, como todo mês esse segurado ou procurador vai ao banco receber o benefício, ele já pode aproveitar para fazer a prova de vida. Exija o comprovante que foi feito o pedido da prova de vida, porque é possível comprovar esse pedido formal.
Além disso, o beneficiário deve exigir o comprovante tanto na agência do INSS como no Banco. O procurador deve levar a procuração original, porque às vezes acontece alguma falha de comunicação e tem o documento para tirar qualquer dúvida, também é dado um documento que essa pessoa compareceu no local.
Por conta da pandemia, alguns beneficiários tiveram a possibilidade de realizar a prova de vida digital. Como esse serviço foi realizado e checado?
Foi checado através do aplicativo, que pode ser utilizado em celular e computador, o Meu INSS, em que você cadastrar o CPF com senha, e lá ele também pode fazer a questão da prova de vida, porém recomendo mesmo com essa questão de pandemia fazer a confirmação pessoalmente. Pela alta demanda digital, o sistema do INSS tem enfrentado dificuldade para atualização e confirmação dos dados junto à própria instituição, pode acontecer que a pessoa tenha feito o cadastro e não foi efetivada, por isso acredito que é mais seguro fazer de forma presencial.
A prova de vida digital tem o mesmo valor da presencial?
Sim, mas muitas vezes, existem casos que a pessoa fez todo o procedimento e não saiu o comprovante, então que tipo de segurança essa pessoa tem? Isso gera uma dúvida que acaba tendo uma consequência enorme na vida do segurado, ele vai lá para receber no banco acreditando na comprovação e não deu certo. Esse é um ponto que deve ser melhorado.
É importante ficar atento às datas e prazos. O beneficiário não pode esquecer de levar um documento com foto e exigir o comprovante, dessa forma é possível evitar erros relacionados à confirmação da prova de vida ou ao recebimento do benefício.
*Plauto Holtz é advogado e especialista em Direito do Consumidor
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