Caso os leitores não saibam, há sinos que só tocam quando morre o titular da Coro
Leandro Karnal, O Estado de S.Paulo
Hoje, dia 21 de abril de 2021, a rainha Elizabeth II chega a 95 anos de idade. Não é uma idade excepcional. Não é uma idade excepcional. Na família de cada leitora e leitor, certamente, teremos exemplos de alguma tia longeva que bate a soberana. Só para dar perspectiva, Kane Tanaka (a mulher de mais idade no mundo) completou 118 anos no dia 2 de janeiro deste ano. Sem a equipe médica disponível para a soberana do trono britânico, Tanaka nasceu em 1903 e passou pelas guerras mundiais com menos proteção do que a titular do Palácio de Buckingham. Imagine, apenas, como exercício de devaneio, que a mãe do príncipe Charles tenha a mesma quantidade de dias da japonesa. Significa que, pela frente, a inglesa teria pelo menos mais 23 anos inteiros. O príncipe de Gales, hoje com 73 incompletos, teria 96 ao assumir o título de rei.
Voltemos ao mundo real. Sam Knight escreveu para o The Guardian, em 2017, o texto London Bridge is down: the secret plane for the days after the Queen’s death. Aprendi que “London Bridge is down” é o código para a morte da soberana, de forma a comunicar o evento a um círculo mais estrito. Vi, igualmente, que os planos sobre a notícia da morte, o funeral e os primeiros dias após o fato estão estudados e treinados há bastante tempo.
Enterrar monarcas é fato muito enferrujado. O último ritual ocorreu em 1952. A simpática Kane Tanaka lembra bem da notícia: ela era uma senhora com quase 50 anos. A maioria verá pela primeira vez um cortejo fúnebre para uma cabeça coroada.
A morte de Churchill (1965) e da Rainha-mãe (2002) foi, de alguma forma, um ensaio. Lady Di (1997) também funcionou como comoção nacional. Tudo deve ser superado pela rainha há mais tempo no trono britânico. Os interesses por filmes (como A Rainha) e por séries como The Crown, em todo o mundo, mostram que a força magnética do trono continua em alta.
Ingleses são famosos por serem fleumáticos, previsíveis até. O artigo do The Guardian mostra desordem total nos funerais do século 18 e parte do 19. Foi o longo reinado de Vitória, trisavó de Elizabeth II, que restaurou a decência e pompa dos atos. O planejamento cresceu muito desde 1901, quando a mulher de Albert fechou os olhos em definitivo. Exemplo de cuidado? O famoso Louis Mountbatten, último vice-rei da Índia e membro íntimo da família real, previu seu próprio funeral a ponto de estabelecer dois cardápios. Um seria executado caso ele morresse no verão e outro na hipótese de o passamento ser nos meses frios. Como ele foi vítima de um atentado terrorista do IRA, em agosto de 1979, devem ter utilizado a sugestão de pratos leves para o calor.
Caso a curiosa leitora e o leitor em busca de dados não saibam, há sinos que só tocam quando morre o titular da Coroa. Há planos distintos para o caso de a morte ocorrer em qualquer um dos palácios da realeza. Mesmo com tanto furor organizativo, claro, há zonas cinzentas: o cargo de líder da comunidade britânica, a Commonwealth, não é hereditário nem fixo. Assim, quando a atual titular falecer, não existe certeza de que Charles será o próximo comandante do grupo de países.
Desde 1952, óbvio, o mundo mudou muito. O pai de Elizabeth foi o último imperador inglês. A Índia se foi e com ela o título que Vitória inaugurou. O falecimento de Elizabeth II é também o fim da geração que acompanhou o maior feito britânico do século 20: a Segunda Guerra Mundial. O próximo rei nasceu depois dela e vários primeiros-ministros nasceram já sob o reinado de Elizabeth II. Encerra-se uma era em que não apenas a rainha terá passado, mas determinada concepção da grandeza e do poderio britânico. A morte da rainha será cara: com ela muda a face da moeda em muitos países do planeta. Mudarão o hino, selos e outras marcas com o rosto sereno da mulher que melhor encarnou, na história, a dignidade e a liturgia solene do cargo de chefe de Estado. A segunda era elisabetana será encerrada como o passamento de uma rainha e de um momento impossível de retornar. A Marinha Britânica não manda mais nos mares e a Revolução Industrial não é mais a glória da Grã-Bretanha. No século 19, Vitória poderia se orgulhar de impor humilhantes derrotas ao imperador chinês nas guerras do Ópio. Hong Kong foi retirada à força do controle manchu como parte do tratado desigual ao fim do conflito. O mundo em que, um dia, sua trineta morrerá tem a China como principal pátria de produtos industriais e com um poder que seria um desafio enorme em caso de guerra. Os navios e canhões britânicos ainda puderam vencer a fraca e decadente força militar da ditadura argentina em seus estertores. As Malvinas/Falklands foram recuperadas. Mas era um réquiem para derrotados e para vitoriosos…
Toque poético que eu desconhecia: o cortejo fúnebre de Eduardo VII, o filho de Vitória e bisavô de Elizabeth, foi precedido pelo seu cachorro de estimação, Caesar, um fox terrier branco. A rainha ama cães corgi, raça que ela associou à Coroa.
A cena do caixão sendo levado para os muitos tributos que se estenderão por dias será comovente. Eu diria que, mais do que uma morte pomposa e prevista, Elizabeth é, do seu modo, uma mulher que teve uma vida extraordinária. Cercada de cuidados sufocantes, levou adiante a tarefa do pai que deveria restaurar a confiança na Coroa. Para a maioria dos súditos dela nas ilhas e no mundo, será o fim de uma era. É preciso ter esperança: God Save The Queen.
É HISTORIADOR, ESCRITOR, MEMBRO DA ACADEMIA PAULISTA DE LETRAS, AUTOR DE ‘O DILEMA DO PORCO-ESPINHO’,
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