Estilo de vida
Segundo pesquisas, apenas um a cada quatro consumidores pode ser considerado responsável; mudança de hábitos se faz necessária
APRESENTADO POR:

Por
Vinicius Boreki- especial para a Gazeta do Povo

Ler rótulos e identificar produtos com selos de sustentabilidade são uma boa opção para se tornar um consumidor mais sustentável.| Foto: Pexels

Uma pesquisa realizada pela Nielsen apontou que 42% dos consumidores brasileiros estão mudando seus hábitos de consumo para reduzir o impacto no meio ambiente. Outro estudo, do Instituto Akatu, mostrou que apenas 24% dos consumidores podem ser colocados em uma condição de mais conscientes, ao considerar diversos hábitos, tais como ler rótulos antes de comprar produtos, separar o lixo, planejar compras de roupas e de alimentos.

“O brasileiro, de maneira geral, gosta de parecer sustentável até a página 2. É um mito que é fácil ter uma vida sustentável, quando se abre mão conscientemente de certos confortos para minimizar os impactos ambientais negativos”, afirma o doutor em Engenharia Mecânica Alysson Nunes Diógenes, professor do mestrado e doutorado em Gestão Ambiental da Universidade Positivo.

De acordo com o professor, o ato de ser mais consciente nas compras passa por um processo de conscientização individual. “As ações de cada indivíduo influenciam o todo. Nosso currículo escolar é voltado para o vestibular, assim como o universitário para o Enade. Por que não ensinar sustentabilidade de forma prática em biologia? Qual o melhor adubo para as plantas, por exemplo? Atualmente, o ensino se torna deficiente, porque não relaciona teoria à prática”, analisa.

Outra pesquisa conduzida pelo Instituto Akatu mostrou que, em 2020, apenas 44% dos consumidores recompensaram socialmente uma empresa, enquanto 35% consideraram, mas não fizeram e 22% nem sequer cogitaram uma mudança. “O menor poder aquisitivo e a percepção de que os produtos mais sustentáveis são mais caros levam a classe baixa a um menor acesso e uma menor disposição de recompensar produtos e marcas socioambientalmente mais responsáveis”, diz o relatório da publicação.

Planeje suas compras para evitar desperdícios| Foto: Pexels
Mudança total de estilo de vida?
Segundo o professor, uma vida mais sustentável dependeria de uma mudança no estilo de vida, já que uma única atitude não resolve o problema social. “No entanto, este processo precisa ser iniciado de alguma maneira, pois as chances de continuidade das mudanças persistem”, avalia o professor. Um dos principais cuidados está em ser mais consciente na hora de consumir. “Devemos buscar empresas que tornem seu produto sustentável. Há selos de sustentabilidade que indicam isso”, diz.

Essa perspectiva de mudança inclui os cuidados com os hábitos alimentares. Baseado em um estudo da ONG WWF, o professor defende que, ao contrário do que muitos pregam, o estilo de vida vegetariano não é o mais sustentável. “Se todos deixássemos de comer carne, o ecossistema entraria em colapso pela necessidade de aumentar a produção de cultivo de plantas como soja ou grão de bico”, afirma.

De acordo com Diógenes, é preciso buscar equilíbrio, não necessariamente comendo proteína animal diariamente. “Entendo o ponto de vista da empatia com a causa animal, mas, eventualmente, a necessidade de suplementos pela falta da proteína animal, uma demanda dos seres humanos, polui mais do que a criação de gado”, diz. “Uma possibilidade futura é a produção de carne em laboratório”, ressalta.

Um raciocínio semelhante se aplica à escolha pelos orgânicos. “Embora sejam alimentos sem conservantes, do ponto de vista da necessidade de cultivo para alimentar toda a população, é inviável fazê-lo sem os defensivos agrícolas”, alega.

Dicas para ser um consumidor mais consciente
Planeje suas compras – Seja mais consciente em relação aos hábitos de consumo, questionando sua necessidade. Compreenda o seu papel como gerador de resíduos e como consumidor, evitando desperdícios.

Opte por produtos com selos sustentáveis – Quando estiver fazendo compras, escolha produtos que apresentem selos sustentáveis. Eles são indicadores de que as marcas respeitam regras rígidas no momento do desenvolvimento desses itens.

Troque as sacolas plásticas – Aposte nas sacolas em tecido ou retornáveis. Um cálculo da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) mostra que, por ano, são consumidas 5 trilhões de sacolas em todo o globo. Pior: boa parte deste material acaba nos oceanos.

Reaproveite potes – Leve seus próprios recipientes ao fazer compras em lojas a granel, procure comprar itens sem embalagens – há diversos fornecedores de shampoos e condicionadores, por exemplo – com essa abordagem.

Muita embalagem? Comunique – Com o aumento de pedidos de delivery, é comum as entregas com excesso de embalagens. Exerça o seu papel como consumidor e informe sobre o tema ou a possibilidade de adoção de materiais que causem menos danos ao meio ambiente.

Opte pelos meios de transporte alternativo – Sempre que possível, valorize a mobilidade ativa (caminhadas ou bicicletas) ou opte pelo transporte público.

De olho na água e energia – Economizar no consumo de água e de energia é uma atitude sustentável, já que se trata de um recurso finito e que cada vez se torna mais importante, como mostram os racionamentos de água e de energia nos últimos anos no país.


Leia mais em: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/gpbc/voce-mais-sustentavel/consumo-responsavel-ainda-engatinha-no-brasil/
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