Atuação articulada
Por
Tiago Cordeiro, especial para a Gazeta do Povo
Reunião da Enccla de fevereiro de 2019, antes do começo da pandemia.| Foto: Enccla/divulgação
Para combater a corrupção de forma eficaz, é fundamental agregar diferentes instituições sociais, capazes de unir esforços e desenvolver políticas públicas e soluções de forma coordenada. Foi pensando assim que surgiu, em 2003, a Estratégia Nacional de Combate à Corrupção e à Lavagem de Dinheiro (Enccla).
Trata-se da principal rede de articulação governamental anticorrupção, que agrega órgãos dos Poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário das esferas federal e estadual e, em alguns casos, municipal. O Ministério Público (MP) também participa.
“A Enccla é a principal rede de articulação para o arranjo e discussões em conjunto com uma diversidade de órgãos dos Poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário das esferas federal e estadual e, em alguns casos, municipal, bem como do Ministério Público de diferentes esferas, e para a formulação de políticas públicas e soluções voltadas ao combate àqueles crimes”, explica Silvia Amélia Fonseca de Oliveira, diretora do Departamento de Recuperação de Ativos e Cooperação Jurídica Internacional (DRCI), da Secretaria Nacional de Justiça.
Enccla promove ações integradas entre vários órgãos
As entidades que integram a organização indicam seus representantes a cada ano – são cerca de 500 pessoas indicadas, que não atuam em dedicação exclusiva. “As funções de Secretaria-Executiva da Enccla são exercidas pelo Departamento de Recuperação de Ativos e Cooperação Internacional (DRCI), da Secretaria Nacional de Justiça, ficando internamente sob a responsabilidade da Coordenação-Geral de Articulação Institucional (CGAI/DRCI/SENAJUS/MJSP)”, descreve Silvia de Oliveira.
A tomada de decisão se dá por consenso, diz ela. “Esta metodologia induz um processo contínuo de maturação, debates e contribuições – verdadeira construção coletiva dos resultados. É promovido um engajamento deste grupo qualificado de instituições públicas e entidades parceiras, contando com especialistas de diversas áreas, com diferentes bagagens culturais e profissionais e também diferentes visões de mundo.”
Ao conciliar especialistas de diferentes formações, diz ela, o debate se enriquece e as ações ficam mais completas. “É neste contexto que os resultados aprovados na ENCCLA trazem legitimidade e traduzem a concordância de importantes instituições que atuam diretamente em detecção, prevenção e repressão à corrupção e à lavagem de dinheiro”, afirma Silvia de Oliveira.
O trabalho se concretiza nas chamadas “ações”, elaboradas e pactuadas anualmente pelos membros da Enccla. Para cada uma dessas ações, cria-se um grupo de trabalho composto por diferentes órgãos e instituições. Os integrantes se encontram mensalmente e o trabalho resulta em soluções e propostas legislativas.
Quais são os resultados da iniciativa
Um dos resultados concretos do trabalho da estratégia nacional de combate à corrupção é o aplicativo “As diferentonas”, que permite ajudar o cidadão a responder à seguinte pergunta: “No que minha cidade é a diferentona com relação aos recursos que recebe do governo federal?”.
Em outras palavras, o app cruza dados abertos sociodemográficos, econômicos e de convênios do governo federal com municípios para estimar o quanto cada cidade recebeu em determinada área, como esportes e lazer, comparado com o recebido por cidades semelhantes.
Outro serviço resultante do trabalho da Enccla é o Cadastro Nacional de Clientes do Sistema Financeiro (CCS), que registra a relação de instituições financeiras e demais entidades autorizadas pelo Banco Central com as quais o cliente possui algum relacionamento, de forma a prevenir lavagem de dinheiro.
A instituição também estimulou a Laboratório de Tecnologia contra a Lavagem de Dinheiro. Replicado em diferentes unidades da federação, ele permite formar uma rede integrada de tecnologia, voltada para o enfrentamento à corrupção e à lavagem de dinheiro de forma a otimizar as investigações. E criou também o Programa Nacional de Capacitação e Treinamento para o Combate à Corrupção e à Lavagem de Dinheiro (PNLD), que já capacitou mais de 18 mil agentes públicos, das mais variadas regiões do país.
Além disso, foi resultado do trabalho da Enccla o lançamento, neste ano, do Programa Nacional de Prevenção à Corrupção (PNCP), que propõe uma nova forma de enfrentar a corrupção no Brasil, com ferramentas de autoavaliação, orientações e treinamentos para implantação de boas práticas de controle e prevenção. Dessa forma, coloca o agente público como protagonista no combate ao problema.
Leia mais em: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/republica/enccla-como-funciona-e-quais-os-resultados-da-estrategia-nacional-de-combate-a-corrupcao/
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