Por
Flavio Gordon – Gazeta do Povo
O presidente do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), ministro Luís Roberto Barroso.| Foto: TSE
“Se queres descrever a verdade, deixes a elegância ao alfaiate.” (Albert Einstein)
“O Brasil tem, provavelmente, o melhor sistema de apuração eleitoral do mundo” – afirma Luís Roberto Barroso num dos vídeos-propaganda lançados pelo TSE para se defender das críticas à insegurança das urnas eletrônicas brasileiras. Indicado ao STF pela comunista petista Dilma Rousseff – reeleita em 2014 numa eleição altamente suspeita, com apuração secreta conduzida por Dias Toffoli, nomeado pelo comunista petista Lula (que, diretamente interessado, faz elogios rasgados à campanha do TSE em defesa do sistema atual) –, o político Barroso está engajado numa campanha internacional de propaganda, repetindo a fórmula em vários idiomas, sempre com a presença curiosa, que a muitos passa despercebida, desse “provavelmente”, repetido em francês (probablement), inglês (probably) e espanhol (probablemente). Ora, se Barroso tem tanta certeza da lisura do sistema e da superioridade nacional na matéria, por que a recorrência desse advérbio de dúvida? E se, por outra, o presidente do TSE não tem toda essa certeza, o que motiva a postura arrogante e autoritária, que chega a estigmatizar como antidemocrático quem questione o presente mecanismo eleitoral?
Trata-se, ao fim e ao cabo, de um advérbio revelador, quase um ato falho. Barroso mente ao afirmar o que não pode saber. E, por estar mentindo, sente necessidade de apelar a esse maneirismo retórico, esse hocus pocus verbal que consiste numa tentativa de manter aberta uma via de escape à alternativa entre afirmar peremptoriamente que o sistema eleitoral brasileiro é o melhor do mundo e admitir honestamente que não o é, e que requer aprimoramento. Obviamente, uma mentira não se transforma em verdade ao ser dita numa língua estrangeira.
Certamente (e não “provavelmente”), o sistema eleitoral brasileiro não é o melhor do mundo. É, ao contrário, um dos piores: vulnerável, obscuro, demasiado centralizado, e excessivamente dependente das garantias oferecidas pelas autoridades eleitorais
Mentira e desfaçatez têm, aliás, sido elementos recorrentes no discurso recente do TSE, que mente ao afirmar que os proponentes do voto impresso auditável desejam retornar ao sistema anterior do voto em cédula; mente ao garantir a auditabilidade, a transparência e a segurança do sistema; mente ao afirmar que o boletim de urna já é um meio impresso de auditoria; mente, enfim, ao atribuir a pecha de golpistas, ignorantes, retrógrados ou difusores de fake news aos milhões de brasileiros que protestam nas ruas por desconfiarem – et pour cause – do nosso modelo. Em referência a Bolsonaro e seus eleitores, sempre desrespeitados pela autoridade eleitoral, Barroso afirmou recentemente que “uma causa que precise de ódio, mentira e grosseria não pode ser boa”. O que dizer, então, de uma causa que precise de censura, como é a do presidente do TSE, que, não obstante a pose de iluminista civilizado, mestre da elegância, já se articula para “monitorar” e, logicamente, censurar nas redes sociais opiniões e informações contrárias à narrativa oficial do tribunal eleitoral?
Não. Certamente (e não “provavelmente”), o sistema eleitoral brasileiro não é o melhor do mundo. É, ao contrário, um dos piores: vulnerável, obscuro, demasiado centralizado, e excessivamente dependente das garantias oferecidas pelas autoridades eleitorais. Não por acaso, como noticiado até mesmo pelo blog antibolsonarista Folha de S.Paulo, em matéria assinada ademais por uma confessa eleitora petista, só outros dois países no mundo, Bangladesh e Butão, usam um sistema similar ao nosso, sem impressão do comprovante do voto. Em outros tantos países, esse tipo de procedimento eleitoral foi simplesmente proibido, por violar a exigência constitucional de publicidade na apuração. Foi o caso emblemático da Alemanha, que, em 2009, considerou inconstitucional um sistema de votação integralmente eletrônico, ao não permitir auditoria por algum meio físico independente. Na ocasião, o juiz Andreas Vosskuhle, do Tribunal Constitucional Alemão, anunciou a decisão nos seguintes termos: “A eleição como fato público é o pressuposto básico para uma formação democrática e política. Ela assegura um processo eleitoral regular e compreensível, criando, com isso, um pré-requisito essencial para a confiança fundamentada do cidadão no procedimento correto do pleito”.
Mas, longe de uma idiossincrasia germânica, a preocupação com a integridade de um sistema eleitoral totalmente eletrônico já era, àquela altura, universal. Prova disso é um editorial do The New York Times publicado no mesmo ano em que saiu a decisão da corte alemã, no qual se afirma: “Urnas eletrônicas que não produzem um registro em papel de cada voto computado não são confiáveis (…) Na votação eletrônica sem impressão, os eleitores fazem sua escolha, e quando os votos são todos inseridos, a máquina computa os resultados. Não há meios de assegurar que uma pane ou truque intencional de um software malicioso ou de um hacker não possa ter alterado o resultado. Se houver uma eleição muito disputada, não há como fazer uma recontagem confiável”.
Mais recentemente, em 2018, um relatório intitulado “Assegurando o Voto: Protegendo a Democracia Americana”, publicado pela prestigiada National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine – instituição fundada em 1863, com a assinatura de Abraham Lincoln –, recomenda que as cédulas eleitorais devem ser legíveis por seres humanos, e que “máquinas de votação que não permitem auditoria independente (por exemplo, máquinas que não produzem uma trilha de auditoria em papel verificável pelo eleitor) devem ser retiradas de serviço o quanto antes”.
Barroso assumiu a presidência do TSE falando em “armar o povo com educação e ciência”. Resta saber se, para ele, o relatório da National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine é mais ou menos científico do que uma consulta com o médium João de Deus ou uma live com o imitador de focas Felipe Neto. O certo é que, na Casa Verde dos iluministas de toga, tudo funciona às mil maravilhas e – provavelmente – os malucos somos nós.
Leia mais em: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vozes/flavio-gordon/luis-roberto-barroso-tse-voto-impresso/
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