Por
João Pereira Coutinho – Gazeta do Povo
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, intelectual nigeriana.| Foto: Marsland Michael
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- Perguntaram um dia à antropóloga Margaret Mead qual era o primeiro sinal de civilização que conhecia. Mead respondeu: um fêmur humano, encontrado numa escavação, com milhares de anos em cima. O fêmur tinha quebrado e, milagre dos milagres, tinha cicatrizado.
Entendo a ideia. Há milhares de anos, na selva dos nossos antepassados, uma perna partida não era brincadeira. Impossível caçar. Impossível evitar ser caçado. Como sobreviver? Lógico: pela compaixão de outro ser humano. Imagino essa criatura: sacrificando os seus instintos de sobrevivência para cuidar do outro durante dias, semanas, meses. Tudo porque a consciência – haverá outra palavra? – o obrigou a ficar.
É nesses momentos que uma pessoa lembra Jean-Jacques Rousseau, de quem nunca fui grande fã, mas que estava certo quando afirmava, algures nos seus discursos, que a moralidade era um progresso para a espécie, mas também uma nova vulnerabilidade. Quem gosta de sentir vergonha? Quem gosta de sentir culpa ou responsabilidade? Melhor deambular pela selva obedecendo apenas ao “amor próprio” e a uma certa repulsa pelo sofrimento dos outros.
Na cultura do cancelamento, a virtude é performance e não há compaixão
Lembrei o fêmur de Mead e as meditações de Rousseau quando lia o espantoso ensaio que Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie publicou no seu site. O título é “It is Obscene: A True Reflection in Three Parts” (“É obsceno: uma verdadeira reflexão em três partes”), e a escritora começa por narrar uma experiência pessoal (e agonizante) com dois ex-alunos que arrastaram criminosamente o seu nome pela lama. Ah, as redes sociais, sempre essa maravilha da humanidade!
Mas a melhor parte do ensaio é a terceira, em que a autora ilumina o mundo das redes (e respectiva “cultura de cancelamento”). É um mundo onde a virtude é uma performance e a compaixão não existe. O que existe, esclarece, é “uma fome de receber e receber e receber, mas nunca dar”; “uma enorme sensação de prerrogativa”; “uma expectativa irreal de puritanismo nos outros”.
Espelho, espelho meu
A conclusão é simples e devastadora: “Agora somos anjos nos acotovelando para ver quem é mais anjo que os outros. Deus nos ajude. É obsceno”. De fato, é: os novos puritanos são ótimos a dissertar sobre um fêmur quebrado; sobre o “sistema” que provoca essas lesões; e sobre a melhor forma de “cancelar” aqueles que negam que os ossos podem sofrer acidentes. Mas quantos deles sacrificariam o tempo e o conforto para ajudarem os aleijados da vida, começando pelos aleijados das suas próprias vidas?
O fêmur de que falava Margaret Mead tinha milhares de anos de história. Mas os novos puritanos ainda estão a milhares de anos desses homens primitivos, que eram incomparavelmente mais civilizados.
- Não existe compaixão sem coragem. E não existe coragem sem colocarmos a nossa pele em jogo.
Como não admirar a coragem do embaixador Souza Dantas, diplomata brasileiro na França ocupada pelos nazistas, que ignorou as diretrizes da ditadura de Getúlio Vargas e emitiu centenas de vistos para salvar refugiados judeus? E como não admirar a coragem do cardeal Ildefonso Schuster, que na Itália de Mussolini condenou o regime fascista por aderir à ideologia racista e pagã do Terceiro Reich?
(Poderia acrescentar a esse lote o nome de Aristides de Sousa Mendes, o cônsul português em Bordeaux que agiu da mesma forma que Souza Dantas, emitindo vistos para Portugal contra as ordens expressas de Salazar. Como Dantas, teve um fim amargo.)
Não existe compaixão sem coragem. E não existe coragem sem colocarmos a nossa pele em jogo
É dos primeiros dois nomes que nos fala Rubens Glasberg em Os Indesejados: Uma história de refugiados no tempo do nazismo. Li a obra de um fôlego só, viajando com os pais do autor, Elisa e Hans, de Lisboa para Santos, corria 1941. Ela, judia austríaca, beneficiou dos vistos de Sousa Dantas, depois de três anos de fuga pela Europa com os pais. Ele, nascido na Alemanha, mas desterrado pelas Leis de Nuremberg, declarado “católico não ariano” pela igreja italiana (uma mentira misericordiosa) e recebido no Brasil ao abrigo do acordo entre o Vaticano de Pio XII e o Estado Novo de Vargas. Conheceram-se no mesmo navio que os trouxe, salvos, para o Brasil.
O livro de Glasberg é, ao mesmo tempo, um retrato de família e um retrato de época, muito bem escrito, entrelaçando as vidas dos progenitores com as contingências históricas que as mutilaram e reinventaram. Mas é também, em seu sóbrio humanismo, um contraste gritante com a “turma do bem”, que é só pose e nenhum altruísmo.
Leia mais em: https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vozes/joao-pereira-coutinho/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-cultura-cancelamento/
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